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- The
Topic:
- Fiber
and Fabric
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- Easier - Fiber is
a long, thin strand or thread of material. Fabric
is a cloth material made by weaving or knitting
threads together.
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- Harder - Fiber is
a hairlike strand of material. It is a substance
that is extremely long in relation to its width, at
least 100 times longer than it is wide. A fiber is
the smallest visible unit of any textile product.
Fibers are flexible and may be spun into yarn and
made into fabrics.
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- Fibers naturally occur in both plants and
animals. More than half of the fibers produced are
natural fibers. Natural fibers include cotton,
hair, fur, silk, and wool. Other fibers are
manufactured. There are two types of manufactured
fibers: regenerated fibers and synthetic fibers.
Regenerated fibers are made from natural materials
by processing these materials to form a fiber
structure. Also called cellulosics, regenerated
fibers are derived from the cellulose in cotton and
wood pulp. Rayon and acetate are two common
regenerated fibers.
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- Synthetic fibers are made entirely from
chemicals. Synthetic fibers are usually stronger
than either natural or regenerated fibers.
Synthetic fibers and the regenerated acetate fiber
are thermoplastic; they are softened by heat.
Therefore manufacturers can shape these fibers at
high temperatures, adding such features as pleats
and creases. Synthetic fibers will melt if touched
with too hot an iron. The most widely used kinds of
synthetic fibers are nylon (polyamide), polyester,
acrylic, and olefin.
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- Cotton
Fibers by Xiao Gao and Praveen Kumar
Jangala
- http://trcs.he.utk.edu/textile/nonwovens/cottonfib.html
- This article identifies the characteristics
and the physical and chemical properties of
cotton, today's most used textile fiber in the
world. It also tells about the processing of raw
cotton.
- Other Cotton Sites:
- 2) Cotton Incorporated http://www.CottonInc.com/
- 3) Cotton Pickin Web http://www.cottoninc.com/CottonPickin/
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- Fiber
Facts
- http://www.ag.fvsu.edu/html/publications/FCS/fiberfacts.htm
- This resource can help answer questions
about fibers, fabrics, finishes and
fashions.
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- Fabrics
Net
- http://www.fabrics.net/fabricinfo.htm
- This website is packed with information
about fibers and fabrics.
- Similar Websites:
- 2) FabricLink http://www.fabriclink.com/home.html
- 3) Fabric Link: Fabric University http://www.fabriclink.com/university.html
- 4) Fibersource http://www.fibersource.com/fiber.html
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- Frequently
Asked Questions about the Stringy Stuff Hanging
from Needles and Hooks by Wendy
Chatley Green at Wool Works
- http://www.woolworks.org/fibers.html
- Here you find all kinds of information about
yarn.
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- Visit some of the fiber and fabric
websites, then select and complete one or
more of these projects.
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- Make a Fiber and Fabric
Collection. Collect and identify
different types of fiber and fabric
samples. Group and classify your
collection by its different types and
characteristics. Display your collection.
You can find more information about
collections at Collecting
Things.
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- Imagine the Fibers and Fabrics of
the Future. Many new fibers and
fabrics have come into use during the last
few hundred years. Think about the
possibilities for the future. Imagine what
types of fibers and fabrics might come
into use. Write a description of the use
of fibers and fabrics two hundred years
from now.
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- Design Your Own Original
Clothing. Create original designs for
clothing. Select and describe the fibers
and fabrics that will be used. Try to make
your designs new and different from any
that you have seen or worn before.
Consider style and comfort in your
designs. You may want to narrow your
designs to focus on clothing for a
particular job or activity.
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- Make a Fiber and Fabric
Collage. Start by collecting as many
different pieces and scraps of fiber and
fabric. Then create your own artistic
masterpiece. You can get more information
and ideas at Fabric
Assemblage at KinderArt.
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- Create a Fiber and Fabric
Timeline. Develop a timeline that
identifies the important events related to
the people's use of fiber and fabric
throughout history.
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- Debate Use of Natural or Synthetic
Fibers. Pretend you are a major
producer or manufacturer of a synthetic or
natural fibers. Put together a
presentation to convince others that your
fibers are superior; that your fibers
should be used over the other
choices.
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- Website By Kids For Kids
- Beginners
Guide to Fabrics
- http://www.cranstonvillage.com/library/l-f-fabg.htm
- You're surrounded by it, from the moment you
dress in the morning to the time you rest your
head on your pillow at night. How much do you
know about the fabrics that surround you?
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- White
Gold - Cotton (1999 ThinkQuest Junior Project)
- http://tqjunior.thinkquest.org/5152/
- This site covers planting, harvesting,
ginning, and classifying cotton. It also
explains how cotton is turned into thread and
fabric. It is educationally beneficial for those
interested in where their clothes comes from and
how they are woven or knitted into fabric.
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- Lots More Websites
- Breezy
Meadow Cashmere Farm
- http://home.earthlink.net/~fibergoat/wsnA4B9.html
- Learn about the source and use of this
natural fiber.
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- Fiber
Arts at the Society for Creative Anachronism
(SCA)
- http://www2.kumc.edu/instruction/academicsupport/itc/staff/rknight/Fiber.htm
- Here are articles and links on fibers as
they apply to the Middle Ages.
- Related History of Fiber
Websites:
- 2) Chronology of Textiles and Fiber Art in
New Mexico 700 AD-1989
- http://www.collectorsguide.com/fa/fa054.shtml
- 3) Clothing of the 1830s by Jane Wheeler
http://www.connerprairie.org/clothing.html
- 4) Elizabethan Costuming http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/corsets/general.html
- 5) Fibers and Fiber Preparation by Margaret
DeRamus http://www.unc.edu/courses/rometech/public/content/survival/DeRamus_Durham_Laxton/
- margaret.html
- 6) Fiber Working Techniques (Clothing of the
Ancient Celts) http://www47.pair.com/lindo/Textile.htm
- 7) Historic Costume List Digest, Volume 282,
April 14, 1995
- http://sca.uwaterloo.ca/~fashion/archives/hcos95/n282
- 8) Short History of Manufactured Fibers
- http://www.fibersource.com/f-tutor/HISTORY.htm
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- Fiber
Plants at Plants for the Future
- http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/pfaf/fibplant.html
- All land plants contain fibers they are
usually too short or too weak to be used for
anything other than paper-making, but there are
well over 100 species suitable for growing in
temperate climates that produce long and
relatively strong fibers.
- Other Plant Fiber Sites:
- 2) Plant Fibers: Fibers For Paper, Cordage
& Textiles at Wayne's Word
- http://daphne.palomar.edu/wayne/traug99.htm
- 3) Treefree Botanical of Plant Fibers by
Carolyn Moran (Whole Earth Summer 1997)
- http://www.wholeearthmag.com/ArticleBin/111.html
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- Nonwovens
Manufacturing Processes
- http://www.nonwovens.com/facts/technology/overview.htm
- Processes for manufacturing nonwoven fibers
can be grouped into four general categories:
textile-related, paper-related,
extrusion-polymer processing related, and hybrid
combinations.
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- Ruthe's
Collection of Weaving Resources
- http://home.netinc.ca/~rstowe/weave.html#topw
- This is a links collection to interesting
weaving sites.
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- Universal
Basics
- http://www.sewing.org/universal.html
- No matter what style pattern you choose,
what fabric catches your eye, or what your level
of sewing skill, there are certain "universal
basics" that are common to almost any project
you make.
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- Wool
WWW Virtual Library
- http://www.dpie.gov.au/agfor/wool_vl/whome.html
- This site links to the leading on-line
information resources dealing with wool and wool
related matters.
- Related Websites:
- 2) Tierra Wools http://www.handweavers.com/
- 3) Wool Fibre Production http://www.texguide.com/news_group/woolprod.htm
- 4) Woolmark Company http://www.wool.com.au/
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- Websites For Teachers
- Costume
Construction Unit
- http://www.byu.edu/tma/arts-ed/units/costcons.htm
- Here are outlines for lessons on body
measurements, fabrics, stitching, quick changes
and alterations, costume construction crew,
design, and costume construction.
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- Pin
Weaving Lesson at Craft Connection
- http://www.craftconn.com/pinweave.htm
- Pin weaving is the technique of using strips
of fabric to create a new piece of fabric.
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- Relief
Print-Making Project: Making a Fabric Print by
Heidi Muehlhausen at Ask-Eric
- (Grade 4 and Up)
- http://ericir.syr.edu/Virtual/Lessons/Arts/Art_Activities/ARA0018.html
- This lesson is an easy way to construct a
printing plate. It goes over the basic concepts
of relief printing.
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- Created by
Annette
Lamb and
Larry
Johnson,
1/99
- Updated,
6/00
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