The Topic: Penguins Easier - A penguin is a water bird that can't fly. It has webbed feet and wings that look like flippers. It uses its wing flippers for underwater swimming. Many penguins live in the icy waters in or near Antarctica.   Harder - Penguins are a type of flightless bird that spends most of its life in the sea. They seldom visit land except to raise their young. Penguins have short legs and tall, torpedo-shaped bodies. On land they are able to stand upright, and because of their stature, they walk with a waddle. They may appear awkward, but penguins actually walk about as fast as people. They also climb rocky shores by hopping from rock to rock. Some penguins travel over ice and snow by 'tobogganing' - - sliding on their bellies. But penguins travel best by swimming, hour after hour. Penguins swim below the surface, and they leap above the surface for a quick breath of air. They also dive much deeper than any other bird. Some species are able to reach nearly 900 feet (275 meters) below the surface. Those deep divers can hold their breath for up to 20 minutes.   There are 17 species of penguins, ranging in size from the largest emperor penguin to the diminutive fairy penguin. The emperor penguin can grow to almost 4 feet (1.2 meters) tall and may weigh up to 100 pounds (45 kilograms). The fairy penguin, also called the little penguin, stands about 1 foot (30 centimeters) tall and usually weighs about 11/2 pounds (3.3 kilograms).   Penguins will not cross warm ocean water; therefore, they are all found in nature south of the equator. The Galapagos penguin lives the farthest north, near the equator in the cold waters around the islands of the same name. Eight other species of penguins make their home among the islands near New Zealand and Australia. Three species inhabit the coast of South America, and one type lives near southern Africa. Six species live far to the south, in the icy waters near Antarctica.   Focus on Penguins from Monterey Bay Aquarium http://www.mbayaq.org/efc/efc_fo/fo_penguins.asp Meet the exhibit's penguins, read about life at sea, or check out the Penguin Cam. Other Penguin Cam Sites: 2) EarthCam Penquin Cam from Central Park Zoo, NYC http://www.earthcam.com/usa/newyork/cpzoo/ 3) Penguin Cam at DiscoverySchool http://school.discovery.com/schooladventures/animalcams/penguin.html?ct=3c159c1b 4) Welcome to the Penguin Cam! from The Boston Channel http://www.thebostonchannel.com/entertainment/955048/detail.html   Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/peter_and_barbara_barham/Pengies.htm This site includes photos and descriptions of different types of penguins, explains their life cycle and threats, and lists where you can see them. Other Similar Penguin Websites: 2) Penguin Page by K.C. Welch http://home.capu.net/~kwelch/pp/ 3) Penguin Planet by K. Shafer http://www.penguinplanet.com/index.html 4) Penguins http://members.aol.com/Avena/penguins.html 5) Penguins by A. MeyerHorn http://www.cityofportsmouth.com/school/dondero/msm/bird/index.html   Penguins from SeaWorld Education Department http://www.seaworld.org/infobooks/Penguins/home.html Here you can learn about penguins' habitat, behavior, scientific classification, life span, and more.   Penguins Around the World http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/penguins/main.html View a slide show full of information, learn about the countries where these birds can be found, and try some fun science activities.   After visiting several of the websites for penguins, complete one or more of the following activities:   Color A Penguin. You can print out and color the webpages found at Penguins from Enchanted Learning, Blackfooted Penguin, and Penguin from First-School Coloring Page.   Complete A Penguin Worksheet. This can be completed by a small group of learners. Learn more about penguins as you complete the activities found at Penguin Adaptation.   Complete A Penguin WebQuest. Adapt or follow the instructions found at the webQuest sites: 1) Not a Puffin (Grade 2) by C. Henry http://www.wcboe.k12.md.us/mainfold/technolog/techsat/Henry/penguin.htm 2) Penguin WebQuest (Grades 1-3) by P. Hanover http://coe.west.asu.edu/students/phanover/penguin_student_page.htm 3) Penguin WebQuest (Grade 3) http://www.usd306.k12.ks.us/elementary/5thgrade/penguin.htm 4) Penguin WebQuest by A. MeyerHorn (Some links to websites are dead, substitute other websites) http://www.cityofportsmouth.com/school/dondero/msm/bird/webquest.html 5) Penguins by (Grades 2-3) L. Lindsey http://www.wallowa.k12.or.us/students/penguins/penguins.html and http://www.wallowa.k12.or.us/students/penguins/penguinpower.html (worksheet) 6) Penguins Galore! by M. Byers (Link to Zoom website is dead, substitute another website) http://hammer.prohosting.com/~wcboe/byers/penguinwebquest.html 7) Pretty Penguin WebQuest http://webtech.kennesaw.edu/omulligan/wquest.htm   Write Some Penguin Poetry. Write a poem, story, or song about penguins. Find examples of other kids work at Penguin Poetry and Penguin Poems and Stories. Songs about penguins can be seen at Penguin Songs. Illustrate your writings.   Participate In A Penguin Simulation. Go to Be A Penguin! and visit the rookery to see if you can find your penguin mate. Learn about ritual behaviors of the Emperor penguin.   Make A Penguin Model. You can use different methods. Get some ideas for making your own penguin at (1) Penguin Light Bulb Art, (2) Penguin Light Bulb, and (3) Penguins, Penguins, Penguins.   How Do Penguins Stay Warm In Icy Water? Conduct the experiment that is found at Blubber Glove. Write up the process and your observations in your journal.   Websites By Kids For Kids I Like Penguins (Grade 5) by T. Miller http://www.pinn.net/~efm/index.html Here you find information, drawings and poems about penguins.   Penguins (1999 ThinkQuest Junior Project) http://tqjunior.thinkquest.org/6288/ This site describes different types of penguins, their habitats, feeding habits and predators.   Penguins (Grade 2) from Lake Murray Elementary School, SC http://www.lex5.k12.sc.us/lmes/penguins/penguins.htm Learn facts and see drawings of several types of penguins.   Penguins: The Birds of the Sea (Part of the 'Penguins, Seals, and Beluga Whales' 2000 ThinkQuest Junior Project) http://library.thinkquest.org/J002943/penguin.htm Learn more about these fascinating birds that inhabit the sea. They live around Antarctica, New Zealand, Africa, and the Galapagos Islands.   Penguins: The Unique Creatures of Nature (2000 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge) http://library.thinkquest.org/C007367/ Learn more about the large clumsy birds with a fussy grand appearance. They are very curious, hold themselves upright, have fins instead of wings, and look like men in black dress coats.   Perfectly Puzzling Penguins (Grade 2) from Pocantico Hills School,Sleepy Hollow, NY http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/fitzgerald/99/penguin.htm Read reports about different penguins of the world and play some games.   Waddle, Waddle Penguins (2000 ThinkQuest Junior Project) http://library.thinkquest.org/J001423/ This site contains information about all the seventeen different kinds of penguins; what food penguins eat, where they live, what their habitat is like, how their babies and young act and play.   More Penguin Sites International Penguin Conservation http://www.penguins.ac/index.htm Penguins are perfectly adapted to the environment in which they live, but they are less able to cope with alterations to the environment brought about by commercial fishing, oil pollution and coastal development.   Penguin from DiscoverySchool http://school.discovery.com/homeworkhelp/worldbook/atozscience/p/421160.html Here you find an encyclopedia article providing a summary overview of penguins.   Penguins (Antarctica) http://www.geocities.com/Yosemite/Gorge/5404/PENGUINS.HTM This website provides a series if photographs of the penguins of Antarctica.   Penguins from Enchanted Learning http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/birds/printouts/penguins.shtml Here you find penguin printouts that can be duplicated and colored.   Penguins from Virtual Antarctica Science http://www.terraquest.com/va/science/penguins/penguins.html Come learn about and see the penguins that make their home on the ice continent. Related Websites: 2) Antarctic Penguins (Adelies and Emperors) http://sung3.ifsi.rm.cnr.it/~dargaud/Antarctica/Penguins.html 3) Falklands Penguins from Falklands Conservation http://www.falklands-nature.demon.co.uk/penguins/penguins.html 4) Penguins In New Zealand http://www.penguin.net.nz/   Penguin Species Adelie penguin: (1) Adelie Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Adelie Penguin from K. Welch's The Penguin Page, (3) Adelie Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (3) Adelie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from K.C. Dreher's Antarctic Information, (4) Adelie Penguin Gallery, (5) Pygoscelis adeliae: Adelie Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (6) Adelie Penguin   African penguin (a.k.a. Jackass Penguin or Black-footed Penguin): (1) African Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) African Penguin from Mystic Aquarium, Boston, MA, (3) African Penguin from Enchanted Learning, (4) Information About the African Penguin, (5) African Penguins, (6) Penguins from Henson Robinson Zoo Springfield,IL, (7) Black-Footed Penguin, (8) African Black Footed Penguin, (9) Spheniscus Demersus from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology    Chinstrap penguin (a.k.a. Stonebreaker penguin): (1) Chin Strap Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Chinstrap Penguin from Animal Nation, (3) Chinstrap Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (4) Chinstrap Penguin (FAQ), (5) Chinstrap Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (6) Chinstrap Penguin - Pygoscelis Antarctica from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (7) Chinstrap Penguin Gallery, (8) Pygoscelis Antarctica: Chinstrap Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology   Emperor penguin: (1) Emperor Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) from K.C. Dreher's Antarctic Information, (3) Emperor Penguins from National Geographic Creature Features, (4) Emperor Penguin from Canadian Museum of Nature, (5) Emperor Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (6) Emperor Penguin from Enchanted Learning, (7) Emperor Penguin from the Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (8) Emperor Penguins, (9) Emperor Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology   Erect-crested penguin: (1) Erect-crested Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (2) Erect- crested Penguin from New Zealand Penguins, (3) Erected-crested Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (4) Erect-crested Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (5) Erect-crested Penguins from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (6) Eudyptes Sclateri: Erect-Crested Penguin from University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (7) Erect-Crested Penguin   Fairy penguin (a.k.a. Little and/or Blue penguin): (1) Fairy Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (2) Little Penguin from Austrailian Wildlife, (3) Little Penguin, (4) Fairy Penguin, (5) Little Penguin, Eudyptula Minor from Parks and Wildlife Service, Tasmania, (6) Little Fairy Penguin, (7) Little Blue Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (8) Fairy Penguin   Fiordland penguin: (1) Fiordland Crested Penguins from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (2) Fiordland Crested Penguin from New Zealand Penguins, (3) Fiordland Penguin - Eudyptes Pachyrhynchus from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (4) Eudyptes Pachyrhynchus: Fiordland Penguin from University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (5) Fiordland Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (6) Fiordland Penguin   Galapagos penguin: (1) Galapagos Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (2) Galapagos Penguin - Spheniscus Mendiculus from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (3) Galapagos Penguin from World Wildlife Fund, (4) Galapagos Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (5) Galapagos Penguin, (6) Galapagos Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (7) Galapagos Penguins from Galapagos Online, (8) Galapagos Penguin   Gentoo penguin: (1) Gentoo Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Gentoo Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (3) Gentoo Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (4) Gentoo Penguin - Pygoscelis Papua from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (5) Gentoo Penguin: 10 Facts, (6) Pygoscelis Papua: Gentoo Penguin from University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (7) Gentoo Penguin from BBC Nature Wild Animals WildFacts, (8) Gentoo Penguin from International Penguin Conservation   Humboldt penguin: (1) Humboldt Penguin from Endangered In The Wild, (2) Humboldt Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (3) Humboldt Penguin from Woodland Park Zoo, (4) Humboldt Penguin from Roger Williams Park Zoo, (5) Humboldt Penguin from International Penguin Conservation, (6) Humboldt Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (7) Humboldt Penguins, (8) Humboldt Penguins from Westerville City Schools   King penguin: (1) King Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) King Penguin from PBS's Kratts Creature Features, (3) King Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (4) King Penguin from The Pittsburgh Zoo, (5) King Penguin, (6) King Penguin by P. Carroll, (7) King Penguin: 10 Facts, (8) Aptenodytes Patagonicus: King Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology   Macaroni penguin: (1) Macaroni Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Macaroni Penguin, (3) Macaroni Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (4) Macaroni Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (5) Macaroni Penguin - Eudyptes Chrysolophus from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (6) Macaroni Penguin, (7) Macaroni Penguin, (8) Eudyptes Chrysolophus: Macaroni Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology   Magellanic penguin: (1) Magellanic Penguins, (2) Magellanic Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (3) Spheniscus Magellanicus: Magellanic Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (4) Magellanic Penguin from International Penguin Conservation, (5) Magellanic Penguin - Spheniscus Magellanicus from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (6) Magellanic Penguins at Penguins Around the World, (7) Magellanic Penguin   Rockhopper penguin: (1) Rockhopper Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Eudyptes chrysocome: Rockhopper Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (3) Rockhopper Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (4) Rockhopper Penguin - Eudyptes Chrysocome from Pete & Barb's Penguin Pages, (5) Rockhopper Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (6) Rockhopper Penguin, (7) Rockhopper Penguins in New Zealand, (8) Rockhopper Penguin from Enchanted Learning, (9) Rockhopper Penguin   Royal penguin: (1) Royal Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (2) Royal Penguin - Eudyptes Schlegeli from Pete & Barb's Penguin Page, (3) Royal Penguins from Penguins Around the World, (4) Royal Penguin, (5) Flightless Birds: Royal Penguin, (6) Eudyptes Dchlegeli: Royal Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (7) Royal Penguin   Snares Island penguin (a.k.a. Snares Crested Penguin): (1) Snares Island Penguin from Whale Times Fishin' for Facts, (2) Snares Island Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (3) Eudyptes Robustus: Snares Island Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (4) Snares Island Penguin form Penguins Around the World, (5) Snares Crested Penguin from New Zealand Penguins, (6) Snares Penguin - Eudyptes Robustus from Pete & Barb's Penguin Page, (7) Snares Island Penguin   Yellow-eyed penguin (a.k.a. Hoiho Penguin): (1) Yellow-eyed Penguin from The Penguin Page, (2) Yellow-eyed Penguin from K. Welch's Penguin Page, (3) Megadyptes Antipodes: Yellow Eyed Penguin from Univ. of Michigan Museum of Zoology, (4) Yellow-Eyed Penguin, (5) Hoiho - Yellow-Eyed Penguin, (6) Yellow Eyed Penguin from Penguin Place, (7) Yellow-eyed Penguins from New Zealand Penguins, (8) Yellow-eyed Penguin - Megadyptes Antipodes from Pete & Barb's Penguin Page   Websites For Teachers Penguin Capers (Grades K-3) http://members.aol.com/MGoudie/penguincapers.html In this unit plan, students explore penguins and expand their knowledge of them to include different types, their behavior, habitat, communication, reproduction, diet, eating habits and conservation.   Penguin Lessons http://www.ttsd.k12.or.us/district/curriculum/elem/pscience/penguins/lessons.html Here you find a page-full of lesson ideas and links to plans.   Penguins Around the World by P. Hale (Grades 3-5) http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/penguins/lesson1.html Students gain an awareness of the diverse habitats of the 17 species of penguins. Other Lesson Plans from Penguins Around the World: 2) Penguin Is A Bird by P. Hale (Grades K-5) http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/penguins/lesson2.html 3) Favorite Penguin by P. Hale (Grades 2-5) http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/penguins/lesson3.html Related Website: 4) Penguins by P. Hale http://www.classroom.com/edsoasis/TGuild/Lessons/Penguins.html   Penguins http://www.perpetualpreschool.com/penguins/penguins.htm Here are a few activity ideas for penguins in art, science, games, and more.   Penguins (Grade 1) by S. Bartlett http://oswego.org/staff/sbartlet/penguins/lessons.htm Here you find a unit plan for learning about penguins.   Penguins, Penguins, Penguins (Grades PreK-3) http://www.kinderart.com/little14.shtml Students create a penguin using a juice bottle and paper mache as they learn where they live and what they eat.   penguin flight flightless bird Antarctic polar regions swimming specie colony nesting pair southern hemisphere torpedo shape paddle-like flipper insulation blubber icy water diving dense, heavy bone preen ritual behavior egg oil spill swim hopping rookery crop forage incubation krill moult crèche plumage waddle predator brood pouch Opus breeding pair feather water pollution fledging over fishing penguin location        Created by Annette Lamb and Larry Johnson, 12/01.